The development direction of China's agricultural sector in the next three years

Significant results in the implementation of the 2015-2017 three-year action plan

From 2015, the country launched the “Three-Year Action Plan for Enhancing the Core Competence of Manufacturing Industry (2015-2017)”, which will modernize agricultural machinery and rail transportation equipment, ship and marine engineering equipment, industrial robots, new energy (electric) vehicles, and medical care. Instruments and medicines, new materials, and intelligent manufacturing industries are included in the key areas of support. It is true that the agricultural machinery industry with an annual output value of more than 400 billion yuan has a small proportion in the national manufacturing system, and its contribution rate of new kinetic energy is not as high as that of robots and new energy. However, the National Development and Reform Commission believes that modern agricultural machinery guarantees agricultural modernization and national food security. The role is irreplaceable and crucial. The improvement of the core competitiveness of agricultural machinery is an important guarantee for the realization of the national agricultural supply side reform tasks and objectives.

Since the NDRC's three-year action plan for 2015-2017 has been promoted, it has supported nearly 50 agricultural machinery industry upgrade projects through financial budgetary subsidies, special construction fund support, and advanced manufacturing industry investment fund participation, which has driven the industry's fixed assets investment. More than 100 million yuan. The implementation of the 2015-2017 three-year action plan has played an important role in the upgrading of the agricultural machinery industry and the advancement of agricultural machinery and equipment.

First, major agricultural machinery and equipment have made great breakthroughs. The three-year action plan includes “power shift wheel tractors”, “CVT continuously variable tractors” and “high water content corn kernel harvesters” as key support projects, which are promoted in technological innovation and industrialization. A major breakthrough was made. The second is to speed up the promotion of the industrialization of agricultural machinery and equipment in the weak link. The low level of sugarcane planting machinery affects the safety of sugar in the country. In the promotion of the three-year action plan, while supporting the research and development and industrialization of the sugarcane harvester of the backbone agricultural machinery enterprises, the agricultural machinery service organization was vigorously supported to carry out the mechanized harvesting demonstration of sugarcane, and achieved good results. In the Guangxi Autonomous Region, the sugarcane machine yield in the 2016/2017 crop season increased by 1.5 percentage points. Third, the industry's ability to innovate can be encouraged and improved. The autonomy of key components of agricultural machinery is a major task of the three-year action plan. With the support of the special fund of the National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang Haitian Machinery Co., Ltd. is aiming at international advanced technology and cooperates with the Italian EMTB company to develop a dual-clutch power shift transmission for high-power tractors. Weifang Guhe Transmission Technology Co., Ltd. undertook the construction of a technologically advanced axle research and development test platform after the National Development and Reform Commission's “large tractor steering drive axle project”, which greatly improved the company's research and development capabilities and product quality, and changed the domestic market to turn the drive axle completely. Dependent on the status of imports. Fourth, the technical cooperation between enterprises in the major agricultural machinery and equipment industry chain has been encouraged and supported. The National Development and Reform Commission has defined the main tasks and expected goals through the implementation plan of key technology industrialization, reformed the financial fund subsidy mode, and promoted the cooperation mechanism between enterprises with products as the link. Agricultural machinery enterprises and parts enterprises, agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises and agricultural machinery operation service enterprises rely on each other to carry out innovative cooperation and achieved good results. Changzhou Dongfeng Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. undertook the “Cotton Picker and Cotton Picking Head Industrialization Project”, and actively cooperated with Xinjiang Bingtuan Yinfeng Co., Ltd., which is a “cotton harvesting machinery application demonstration project”, to carry out technical research, field trials, etc. Greatly speed up.

The implementation of the 2015-2017 Agricultural Machinery Three-Year Action Plan has achieved remarkable results thanks to the innovation of the National Development and Reform Commission's fund and project management model. The Development and Reform Commission Industry Department and the Agricultural Machinery Industry Association have successively visited agricultural machinery enterprises in Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei and other provinces, and conducted research on agricultural machinery management departments and users in Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Guangxi, etc., and organized experts and users to carry out mechanized planting and machinery of sugarcane. The special discussion on cotton picking will carry out preliminary evaluation and demonstration on key projects of agricultural machinery industrialization. The project does not engage in the balance of the stove, the funds are not allocated in a block, the quality of the project is emphasized, and the evaluation is concentrated, and the lack of efficiency is avoided. The National Development and Reform Commission issued “project indicators” for qualitative assessment, setting thresholds for reporting. First, it improved the quality of project declarations and the success rate of project landings. Second, it reduced and eliminated the behavior of blindly competing projects and subsidizing financial funds. The third is to guide the industry. The direction of core competitiveness improvement, to prevent the emergence of new excess capacity.

Another important measure for the implementation of the three-year action plan is to play the role of professional institutions to promote industrial upgrading in a market-oriented model. The associations and fund companies give full play to their professional and technical advantages, play an active role in project demonstration, selection, and capital entry intensity, and realize the guidance and support of the project. The fund and the central budget funds are linked by two wings, superimposed and entered, and the support for the project is very strong.

Short-term strengths and weaknesses in the next three years

The Three-Year Action Plan for Enhancing the Core Competence of Manufacturing (2018-2020) once again listed modern agricultural machinery as a support focus, and clearly defined the need to meet the diversified needs of agricultural production through the development of advanced and applicable agricultural machinery and equipment. The main tasks for the next three years are to further solve the problem of insufficient supply of agricultural machinery products and core technologies and poor reliability of agricultural machinery products. Second, to solve the problem of insufficient supply of "short-board" agricultural machinery and equipment.

First of all, we must continue to do a good job in the research and development and industrialization of major agricultural machinery and equipment. Stabilizing food production is the top priority of agricultural production. Due to the insufficient supply of domestic large-scale equipment and core technology, the efficiency of our agricultural machinery and equipment is low, the cost of grain production is high, and the income of farmers is low. The environmental protection pressure faced by grain production is also increasing. Agricultural machinery and equipment should provide a feasible solution for straw collection and utilization and film residual film recycling. It is necessary to upgrade the major equipment of agricultural machinery, improve the level of equipment technology and agricultural production efficiency in China, and achieve the goal of reducing the cost of agricultural mechanization operations by 20% by 2025. Large horsepower tractors, grain combine harvesters, precision seeders and other equipment integration technologies, advanced technology and intensive, the role of the entire industry chain is obvious, can drive the overall quality of the agricultural machinery industry. Beidou navigation is rapidly applied to agricultural machinery and equipment, providing support for intelligent R&D and application of agricultural machinery products, and strengthening intelligent application development. It is necessary to strengthen the research and development of new energy-powered agricultural machinery and equipment, and contribute to reducing emissions and optimizing the environment.

Grasp the autonomy of key core components. At present, the upgrade of domestic agricultural machinery and equipment technology is trapped in the research and development and matching of core components. Since the hydraulic mechanical type stepless transmission cannot be produced by itself, the upgrade of rice, wheat and corn harvesters in the Huanghuaihai area has encountered bottlenecks. Small diesel engines rely on imports, and high-speed rice transplanters and self-propelled plant protection machinery have a clear technical advantage. The materials and techniques of the soil components such as the ploughshare are not as good as those of the people. Large-scale composite machines can only rely on imports. Therefore, the development and autonomy of key components such as diesel engines and precision seed metering devices are essential. Technical breakthroughs in core components require collaboration and integration between host companies and component companies.

Accelerate the promotion of intelligent manufacturing to improve the quality of agricultural machinery products. At present, the gap between China's agricultural machinery equipment and European and American products is reflected in three aspects of ergonomics, product intelligence and reliability. Since the China Agricultural Machinery Industry Association began to promote digital manufacturing in the industry in 2012, agricultural machinery enterprises have made great progress in the two aspects of sheet metal forming and painting processes, and the quality and appearance quality of domestic agricultural machinery equipment parts have been greatly improved. However, the reliability of parts and machines is still unsatisfactory, which is manifested in the high failure rate of domestic agricultural machinery, high cost of three-pack service, low operating efficiency and low value of second mobile phones. Product quality improvement must first achieve manufacturing consistency. Promote the construction of smart factories and improve product manufacturing process control and quality traceability. Agricultural machinery and equipment are available in a variety of small batches, with limited investment in equipment and testing, and more emphasis on the upgrading of manufacturing processes and special manufacturing equipment. Special processing methods such as the picking table of the corn harvester, the cotton picking head of the cotton picker, and the knotter of the baler are complicated, and lack of specialized manufacturing means and equipment. The reliability has been criticized by users. The improvement in the quality of these core-specific components will inevitably increase the core competitiveness.

Improve R&D testing and testing capabilities. It is an indisputable fact that the homogenization competition of agricultural machinery industry products is becoming more and more serious. The helplessness of homogenization competition is the shortage of new technologies and new products. There are various difficulties in the development of new products, and the lack of testing methods is particularly prominent. Due to the complexity of agricultural production agronomy, the impact on the natural environment, the large amount of product development and testing work, the new product test is also subject to the seasonality of agricultural production, and the effective test time is short. Therefore, the development of testing methods and product testing capabilities of enterprises become the core competitiveness. . The three-year action plan supports the improvement of corporate test and testing capabilities. Promote the construction of high-level testing and monitoring platform industry technology for key agricultural machinery enterprises; promote the construction of core parts and components enterprises to the testing center for industry services; promote the construction of product inspection and testing platforms for third parties and certification bodies.

The Three-Year Action Plan for Enhancing the Core Competence of Manufacturing (2018-2020) puts innovation as the driving force for the development of the manufacturing industry. This is a consensus. We must adhere to technological innovation and key breakthroughs. It is necessary to give full play to the enthusiasm of enterprises, adhere to market-led dynamic management of project implementation, and support and strengthen.

The implementation of the core competitiveness improvement plan will greatly enhance the competitiveness of China's agricultural machinery and equipment, and agricultural machinery enterprises should use this policy to seize this opportunity. (Original title: Implementing the “Three-Year Action Plan for Core Competence” to build a strong country in agricultural machinery manufacturing)