An impulse turbine is a type of Steam Turbine where the rotor derives its rotational force from the impact force, or the direct push of steam on the blades.
The impulse turbine consists of a rotor mounted on a shaft that is free to rotate. Attached to the rotor are a set of curved blades. Nozzles then direct the high pressure and high temperature steam towards the blades of the turbines. The blades catch the impact force of the rapidly moving steam and rotate from this force.
The steam at high pressure enters through a stationary nozzle of a steam turbine, as a result the pressure of the steam is decrease and an increase in steam velocity. As a result of increased steam velocity steam pass through the nozzle in the form of a high-speed jet. This high-velocity steam hit the properly shaped turbine blade, as a result, the steam flow direction is changed. The effect of this change in direction of the steam flow will produce an impulse force. This force cause the blade move, thereby the rotor will start to rotate.
The force applied to the blade is developed by causing the steam to change the direction of flow (Newton`s 2nd Law – change of momentum). The change of momentum produces the impulse force.
In the impulse turbine pressure drops and the velocity increases as the steam passes through the nozzles. When the steam passes through the moving blades the velocity drops but the pressure remains the same.
The fact that the pressure does not drop across the moving blades is the distinguishing feature of the impulse turbine. The pressure at the inlet of the moving blades is same as the pressure at the outlet of moving blades.
Impulse Steam Turbine Shandong Qingneng Power Co., Ltd. , https://www.steamturbine.be
The Impulse Principle
Impulse Turbine Working:
[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] Land transfer can effectively improve the efficiency of land resource allocation, further activate the transfer of agricultural surplus labor, and provide a broad space for agricultural scale, intensification and management. On the other hand, constructing and standardizing the circulation mechanism of rural collective construction land can enable farmers to participate more fully in sharing the results of urbanization and industrialization, to demonstrate the value of collective land assets, and to promote farmers to obtain property income.
Three major factors affect farmers' land circulation
In recent years, as long as the stocks that are in contact with the "land transfer" have been fired in the capital market. Since the country has successively introduced the new land reform policy and encouraged the management of moderate management and land management rights, “land circulation†has become a fashionable hot word. On the other hand, in some areas of China, especially in the interior, land transfer has encountered many obstacles.
Low turnover prices, difficult career choices, and poor information are the three major concerns of farmers.
A public opinion survey on the current situation of land transfer in Shaanxi Province shows that among the farmers who are unwilling to transfer the land, there are three main factors that influence their decision-making:
The primary factor is price and income. 63.65% of the farmers are reluctant to flow because they feel that the price of circulation is too low.
The second major factor is the consideration of career choice and social security. 43.7% of farmers believe that they have no other way of making a living except farming.
The third important factor is the lack of smooth flow of information. Among all the farmers who have conducted land transfer transactions, 49.43% obtained information on transfer through acquaintances, and 35.23% through village leadership organizations. The lack of information platforms and land markets has made the choice of farmers' turnover transactions too restrictive.
In addition, there are some data that are worthy of vigilance. Although the National Document No. 1 emphasizes that land transfer must adhere to the principle of voluntary compensation according to law, there are still 39.16% of farmers who believe that farmers are in a passive position during the land transfer process. More than 70.33% of farmers are subjectively believe that there will be corruption in the process of land transfer.
The above-mentioned ideas and concerns of farmers on land transfer have highlighted the urgency of regulating rural land transfer mechanisms, improving the rural land transfer trading market, and strengthening the openness and transparency of land information.
How to protect the interests of farmers and solve the worries of farmers?
With the deepening of China's household registration reform, the government is stepping up efforts to improve the social security system and expand social security coverage. Farmers' concerns about social security after land transfer are expected to be slowly eliminated.
However, it is necessary to fundamentally solve the farmers' concerns about career choices. It also needs local governments to do a good job in training their peasants' skills, cultivating new professional peasants, and granting them to fisheries in order to truly solve long-term problems.
However, in view of the problem that the circulation information is not smooth, it is imperative to establish a land circulation platform for information disclosure. In recent years, the model of cooperation between government and enterprises in Linyi and Anweiyang, Shandong Province to establish a land transfer Internet trading platform is worth learning. The local agricultural economic bureau cooperates with third-party land transfer Internet companies to obtain professional land evaluation through third-party platforms. Capacity and land transfer market “Big Data†complements the government’s own control and supervision to jointly promote the sound development of the land transfer market.
(Original title: Shaanxi research shows that three factors hinder land transfer)