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The potato harvester can complete the crop harvesting machinery such as digging potatoes, separating soil, spreading, picking, picking, harvesting, etc. during the potato harvesting process. In the actual production, the appropriate equipment can be selected to complete the potato excavation, soil removal, fruit picking, cleaning, fruit collection and other projects. High production efficiency, less operating loss, fast transfer speed, safe and reliable use.
A few days ago, the technicians from the Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Agricultural Technology Promotion Center came to the building office and the Potato Million High-yield Production Demonstration Zone to learn about potato planting and harvest this year.
The development of mechanization of potato production in our country still needs to "add fire"
In the ten thousand mu high-yielding demonstration area, with the roar of the harvester, the potatoes rolled down into the dump trucks behind them. In a blink of an eye, the potato that had just been in the ditch was shipped in batches to the birthing area. Unlike in the past, in the past, during the autumn harvest season, groups of workers were seen bending in the ground and manually sorting the potatoes scattered in the fields and bagging and transporting them. In addition to the two brand-new potato harvesters and dump trucks, almost no one else can be seen in this year's land. The use of advanced machinery and equipment instead of artificial means not only reduces the labor intensity of workers, but also greatly improves the work. effectiveness.
Inside the potato delivery area, there are hot work scenes. The dump truck dumps the potatoes of the whole vehicle into the branching machine. After the initial screening, the potatoes, potatoes, and other impurities and unqualified potatoes are screened out. The qualified quality potato products are selected. With the conveyor belt was loaded directly away. This mechanized operation mode not only reduces the labor intensity of workers, saves manpower, material resources, and financial resources, but also guarantees the quality of commodity potatoes and avoids secondary damage to commodity potatoes.
Development status of potato harvester in China at this stage
The potato market is in a period of rapid development in China's market for these years. It can be seen from the government's support for agricultural policies. The time when industry is at the center of gravity has led me to maintain a rapid development phase for a long period of time. However, this stage has also brought enormous environmental problems to China's economic construction. Under the premise of environmental problems and economic problems, our government has begun to strengthen the development of agricultural economy. At this time, the development of economic crops in agriculture has become a key development link.
In response to the current state of equipment use in China, the Chinese government and professionals conducted reforms in the use of agricultural equipment and issued a series of preferential policies to improve the promotion and use of agricultural equipment in China as soon as possible. In response to the use of agricultural equipment in China, some People in and outside the industry conducted research and put forward their own suggestions. Let's take a look at the development status of potato harvesters.
The development of China's agricultural potato harvesters should continue to combine with the rural market in the current economic environment to ensure the efficient use of equipment. The use of such equipment must continue to cooperate with relevant technical research institutes and apply more technologies to On the equipment, the government should increase the financial subsidy policy for the use of potato equipment in the government. China's equipment research and development should keep up with the development trend of the current era, energy saving and environmental protection requirements, and actively develop sophisticated equipment.
Potato harvester really blends farm machinery agronomy
All along, the integration of the "brothers" of agricultural machinery and agronomy has been considered as the most important bottleneck in the development of potato production mechanization. In response, the professor of the Academy of Agricultural Machinery and Engineering stated that “the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy is not only a national issue but also a regional issue.â€
In China, the potato growing area is divided into northeast and north China, northwest one season, southwest one and two seasons mixed area, central plain second season area and southern winter area. Different geographical factors, planting varieties, and other factors make the specific problems to be solved in each region different. Therefore, it is not that a single solution to the contradiction between agricultural machinery and agronomics in a certain area is equivalent to applying to the whole country. “For example, the northeast and north China are flat, with large plots, wide rows, and long ridges, and they are rapidly growing with enterprise cultivation. The overall level of mechanization is high. More than 70% of the northwest are hillside land with small plots. Poor infrastructure, many planting modes, extensive farming methods, and most of them require small and medium-sized machinery.There are many mountainous areas in the southwestern region, and the land is small and scattered. Some large dam areas have rich planting patterns, extensive farming, and low mechanization levels. Potatoes are planted in winter rice fields with small plots and heavy soils. They are mostly ridged or hoeed. At present, they are mainly based on manual operations. The same machine may not be suitable in different places.
As far as potato harvesting is concerned, there are mainly two modes of combined harvesting and staged harvesting. Usually, combined harvesting is considered to be the most mechanized harvesting method. However, combined harvesting is not applicable in the northeastern region where the degree of mechanization is relatively high. Due to the heavy soil in the area, the vibration device of the combine harvester could not shake off the mud on the potato block. If too much effort is taken, it will also cause the inner part of the potato block to break down, forming a water center, causing internal decay, which will soon be transmitted to other potatoes. Therefore, concrete analysis of specific problems in the development of potato mechanization has been made.
Because of geographical disparity and climate differences, it is difficult to promote the products of the models in a certain area to other regions. The product has a high degree of personalization and it is difficult to mass-produce and sell products. From this we can see that to improve the overall level of mechanization of potatoes, we cannot blindly pursue the growth of numbers, but should also improve the quality of mechanized production, and specifically develop and manufacture machines suitable for potato production in different regions, so that the agronomy of farm machinery really integrates together.
It is understood that Jiaozhou combines the improvement of potato production mechanization with the implementation of subsidies for agricultural machinery purchases. In the past three years, subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery for the production of agricultural machinery have reached more than 200,000 yuan, stimulating farmers to invest nearly 1 million yuan, and promoting various types of potato production. More than 130 sets of machinery. At present, there are 5 demonstration bases for the construction of potato production in the city, with 1,200 sets of potato production machinery and 70% of the total production of potato machinery.
However, in most parts of China, the level of mechanization of potato production is low. Liu Xian, former stationmaster of the Agricultural Machinery Development and Extension Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, pointed out that the state must increase support to further increase the important strategic status of potato mechanization and formulate and implement the promotion of potato mechanization. (Supplement) policy to strengthen potato market development. Taking the potato mechanized sowing and harvesting weak links as breakthroughs, we will strengthen the introduction, digestion and reinvention of advanced foreign technology and equipment, research and development of manufacturing machinery and technology, equipment integration, full-process standardization and high-efficiency potato mechanization technology equipment. In comparison with the mechanization of the whole potato, a complete standard system and a full range of mechanized technology routes were established, and the equipment allocation plan was proposed.
The potato harvester produced in China's agriculture is an irreplaceable power tool in agricultural production, especially since recent potato harvesters have been recognized by a large number of farmers.