Explore: How to deal with the death and sickness of livestock and poultry in transit

At present, the circulation of livestock and poultry has the characteristics of frequent transportation and large circulation. Especially in the long-distance transportation, livestock and poultry are easily bumped, shaken, squeezed, hungry, lack of water, stimulated by cold and heat, fatigued, and occurred. The effects of stress factors such as trampling and collision trauma cause excess body depletion, disturbances in regulatory functions and metabolic functions, reduced immunity, leading to morbidity and even death. Failure to timely and scientifically unload treatment of diseased livestock and poultry and innocuous disposal of dead carcasses may lead to animal epidemics or even major animal epidemics. How to deal with the disease or death of livestock and poultry during transportation is a major problem that currently plagues livestock and poultry carriers, and it is also a weak link in animal health supervision and management. In this article, we will take some reflections on the treatment of livestock and poultry in the transport and transportation stages and the measures taken by carriers and managers.

Carriers should take measures

Should be law-abiding, regular training. First of all, livestock and poultry transportation belong to living transportation. Persons responsible for transportation, especially long-distance transportation personnel (including drivers and escorts) should understand the animal's physiological characteristics and animal welfare requirements, and be familiar with laws and regulations concerning animal epidemic prevention. It is best to regularly accept it. Local animal husbandry and veterinary authorities in charge of training and assessment to be able to actively respond to the onset or death of livestock and poultry transport, take effective measures, and take decisive measures to prevent the spread, spread and epidemic of animal diseases.

During the onset and death of livestock and poultry during transportation, the carrier must handle the emergency. During the transportation, if the senses of the animals such as shortness of breath, blistering of the nose and mouth, and purple skin are detected during the transportation, they may report to the local animal health supervision agency immediately after the discovery, and after obtaining the permission of the local animal health supervision agency, Follow the designated route to the nearest quarantine site (preferably an animal quarantine site) with suitable conditions for quarantine, unload the diseased animal and promptly treat it. At the same time, record the treatment situation in detail, indicating when the livestock and poultry (the livestock must record good ear labels and attached photos) when used drugs, whether to meet the requirements of the drug withdrawal period. The carrier must carry the above-mentioned relevant drug records and arrive at the destination and submit it to the slaughterhouse for record. Complete inspection of other unaffected livestock and poultry. If livestock and poultry are suffering from common diseases, the remaining livestock and poultry can continue to be transported; if they are infectious diseases, transportation should be stopped immediately and preventive measures should be taken; if infected animals (mainly livestock) are found to be incurable, they will be slaughtered recently. Off-site unloading shall be conducted by the official veterinarian of the station; if it is caused by stress, it shall be slaughtered nearby; if it is an ordinary disease, the relevant regulations shall be followed after the slaughter, and if it is a contagious disease, it shall be dealt with in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Other healthy livestock and poultry shall also be subject to quarantine inspection, emergency disinfection, and isolation treatment, and they can continue to be transported after meeting animal health requirements. If livestock or poultry (mainly livestock) are found dead during transportation, they should immediately report to the local animal health supervision agency. Disinfection measures shall be taken immediately if conditions permit, after obtaining the permission of the local animal health supervision agency, transport to the nearest harmless treatment site (preferably an animal harmless treatment site) with the appropriate epidemic prevention conditions according to the designated route, and unload the dead in time. Livestock and poultry shall be inspected on site by local animal health supervision agency personnel, and laboratory tests shall be conducted when necessary. After removing the risk of infectious diseases, they shall be supervised by innocent treatment such as incineration and deep burial. Fully inspect the other non-diseased livestock and poultry and carry out emergency disinfection. If necessary, we must do the isolation treatment. After reaching the health requirements prescribed by law, we can continue to transport. If on-the-spot inspections by local animal health supervisors reveal that the dead livestock and poultry are suspected of suffering from an ordinary infectious disease, in addition to the incineration, deep burial and other harmless treatment of the dead livestock and poultry supervision, other non-diseased livestock and poultry shall be fully implemented. After the inspection, after the laboratory tests to eliminate common infectious diseases, emergency disinfection and isolation treatment shall be adopted, and the transportation can be continued after reaching the health requirements prescribed by law. If the clinical examination and laboratory diagnosis are indeed infectious diseases, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the epidemic situation of healthy livestock and poultry, to keep abreast of the health status of livestock and poultry, to clean up the manure in a timely manner and to accumulate fermentation, and to conduct an epidemiological survey immediately. The epidemic source, according to the provisions to take effective measures, decisive disposal.

The carrier must have sufficient emergency supplies. In order to make the transport (especially long-distance transport) of livestock and poultry effectively disposed of at the time of morbidity or death, it is recommended that the carrier establish an emergency treatment mechanism. The carrier must have at least one person who is trained in the emergency treatment of dead animals and poultry and who is familiar with animal epidemic prevention laws and regulations. The carrier should provide enough funds for emergency treatment (including landfill excavation fees, incineration fuel costs, transportation costs, personnel labor costs, etc.). In the lowermost layer of the transport vehicle, there is a 1-2 compartment that is relatively closed and can accommodate 2 heads of livestock or 50 poultry. It should be kept hygienic and cannot be used for loading livestock and poultry. Only emergencies such as death of livestock and poultry occur. Only then can they be activated (such as the discovery of livestock deaths in freeway rest areas or in remote areas far from urban and rural areas). At the same time prepare a certain amount of feed, clean drinking water, disinfectants and commonly used anti-heat and anti-spasmodic drugs. Cars should also be equipped with transport log; detailed records of transport of livestock and poultry.

Managers should take measures

Supporting the establishment of isolation sites, harmless treatment sites, and designated transport routes. It is suggested that the isolation zone, the harmless treatment site, and the designated transportation channel should be established in the county-level area where conditions permit, and a dedicated dead-living livestock and poultry harmless treatment transport vehicle should be provided. In particular, large aquaculture counties must take the lead in improving the hardware and supporting software in accordance with the requirements for the establishment of unregulated animal disease areas. The prefectures and counties in the prefectures and districts can establish a harmless treatment center for dead animals in the near future, and have enough special-purpose sick animals and animals to harmlessly dispose of transport vehicles to prevent the spread of diseased animals. At the same time, animal transportation routes are designated for each region and are announced to the public in time to enhance surveillance at the intersections. The inspection station adhered to the 24-hour all-day duty, strictly sterilized livestock and poultry transportation vehicles, and carried out a vehicle-by-vehicle inspection of the clinical health status of livestock and poultry.

All local animal epidemic prevention agencies must establish a mechanism for joint operation. In general, there are fewer livestock and poultry transported in the county, and there are more long distances, and some need to pass through counties, cities and even provinces. This requires all local animal epidemic prevention agencies to establish interoperable linkage mechanisms, telephone links, and information sharing. Animal isolation sites and animal harmless treatment sites must be linked to each other so that the carriers can timely handle the onset or dead animals in transit. Information exchange and coordination and cooperation are more conducive to supervising the harmless treatment of dead animals and poultry that have died of unexplained causes, and fighting illegal dumping, acquisition, transportation, processing, and sale of illegal livestock and poultry products.

Establish a supporting and preferential mechanism for harmless treatment. Livestock and poultry deaths and outbreaks are losses to farmers and carriers. If they can provide certain financial support and compensation, farmers and carriers will also actively participate in them. Now, in order to encourage the development of animal husbandry, the state has corresponding financial support for livestock and poultry breeding, and it should be implemented as soon as possible to establish a dedicated cold storage for livestock and poultry or a harmless treatment facility and harmless treatment compensation. In the implementation process, if livestock and poultry insurance can be combined with harmless treatment compensation (livestock and poultry mortality - insurance - harmless treatment - video data - insurance claims and harmless treatment compensation), it is more conducive to The support of the farm households has achieved a multiplier effect.