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In the petrochemical industry, chemical process pumps play a vital role as essential auxiliary equipment. With the increasing complexity of chemical media and rising user demands, selecting the right pump has become more critical than ever. As a manufacturer, understanding the key factors in choosing the appropriate pump is essential to ensure safe, efficient, and long-lasting performance.
One of the most significant challenges in pump selection is corrosion resistance. Corrosion is one of the leading causes of equipment failure in chemical plants, with approximately 60% of damage attributed to it. Therefore, material selection must be carefully considered. A common misconception is that stainless steel is universally suitable for all chemical environments, which can be dangerous. Here are some key considerations for different media:
1. **Sulfuric Acid**: For concentrations above 80% and temperatures below 80°C, carbon steel or cast iron may work, but they are not suitable for high-speed flow. High-silicon cast iron or high-alloy stainless steel (like 20 alloy) is often used. Fluoroplastic pumps such as F46 are also a cost-effective option. Our products include the IHF lined pump, PF (FS) corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump, and CQB-F fluoroplastic magnetic pump.
2. **Hydrochloric Acid**: Most metals, including stainless steel, are not resistant to hydrochloric acid. Non-metallic materials like rubber or plastic (e.g., polypropylene or fluoroplastic) are better choices. Our product line includes the IHF lined fluorine pump, PF (FS) strong corrosion-resistant pump, and CQ polypropylene or fluoroplastic magnetic pump.
3. **Nitric Acid**: Stainless steel is generally effective, but molybdenum-containing grades like 316 may not perform better than standard 304. At higher temperatures, titanium or titanium alloys are preferred. Our DFL (W) H, DFL (W) PH, and DFCZ pumps are commonly used.
4. **Acetic Acid**: Ordinary steel corrodes quickly, while stainless steel performs well. Molybdenum 316 is suitable for high-temperature and dilute acetic acid. For harsh conditions, high-alloy stainless steel or fluoroplastic pumps are recommended.
5. **Alkalis (e.g., Sodium Hydroxide)**: Cast iron is suitable for low-temperature, low-concentration solutions. For higher temperatures, titanium or high-alloy stainless steel is needed. Our range includes cast iron pumps for general use and fluoroplastic or stainless steel pumps for special needs.
6. **Ammonia (Ammonia Solution)**: Most metals and non-metals are relatively resistant, except copper and its alloys. Our pumps are widely used for ammonia transport.
7. **Saline (Seawater)**: Carbon steel corrodes rapidly, so protection with paint or stainless steel (especially 316) is recommended. Many companies use 316 stainless steel pumps.
8. **Alcohols, Ketones, Esters, Ethers**: These are generally non-corrosive, but care should be taken with sealing materials, as many rubbers are affected. Common materials like stainless steel or fluoroplastics are suitable.
In addition to corrosion, temperature and viscosity also affect pump performance. For high-temperature media, cooling systems are essential. Pumps like DFCZ, GRG, and HPK are designed for high-temperature applications. For viscous media, screw pumps like the DFGG single screw pump are ideal, capable of handling up to 1,000,000 cSt.
Sealing is another critical factor. Magnetic and shielded pumps are popular due to their leak-free operation, but issues like sleeve life and static seal reliability remain. Mechanical seals are typically used, with double-end seals recommended for high-temperature or hazardous media.
In conclusion, selecting the right chemical pump requires a deep understanding of the media properties, operating conditions, and long-term reliability. Proper material selection, cooling, and sealing strategies are essential to ensure safe and efficient operations. This summary reflects our experience and product capabilities, and we hope it serves as a helpful guide for professionals in the field.