CNC Lathe Multiple Compound Cycle Instruction (G70ï½žG76)

With this set of G-codes, parts with more complex shapes can be machined. When programming, only the finishing route and roughing back-feeding amount are specified. The system will automatically calculate the roughing route and the number of machining times, so the programming efficiency is higher.

1. Cylindrical roughing compound cycle (G71)

Command Format G71 UÎ”d Re

G71 Pns Qnf UÎ”u WÎ”w Ff Ss Tt

The command function removes most of the machining allowance of the bar stock, cutting is performed along the direction of the parallel Z axis, see Figure 1.

Figure 1 Cylindrical roughing cycle

A is the beginning of the cycle and A-A'-B is the finishing route.

Instruction Description Î”d denotes each cutting depth (radius value), no sign;

e indicates the amount of retreat (radius value), no sign;

Ns represents the sequence number of the first block of the finishing route;

Nf represents the sequence number of the last block of the finishing route;

Î”u represents the finishing allowance in the X direction, diameter value;

Î”w represents the finishing allowance in the Z direction.

To program using the cycle instructions, first determine the coordinate position of the tool change point, cycle point A, cutting start point A', and cutting end point B. In order to save the auxiliary working time of the CNC machine tool, the G00 quick positioning command is used from the tool change point to the cycle point A. The X coordinate of the cycle point A is outside the blank size, and the Z coordinate value is the same as the Z coordinate value of the cutting start point A'.

Secondly, write the G71 command program segment in accordance with the instruction format and machining process requirements of the outer circle rough machining cycle. There are two address characters U in the cycle instruction. The former indicates the back knife quantity and the latter indicates the X machining accuracy. the amount. If there are P and Q address characters in the program segment, then the address character U represents the finishing allowance in the X direction, and vice versa. There is no negative value for back knife.

A'â†’B is the outline of the workpiece, and Aâ†’A'â†’B is the finishing line. During roughing, the tool retracts from point A by Î”u /2, Î”w, which automatically reserves the finishing allowance. The block between sequence numbers ns to nf describes the path of the cutting tool.

Example 1 As shown in Figure 2, programming is performed using the cylindrical roughing cycle instructions.

Figure 2 Cylindrical roughing cycle application

N010 G50 X150 Z100

N020 G00 X41 Z0

N030 G71 U2 R1

N040 G71 P50 Q120 U0.5 W0.2 F100

N050 G01 X0 Z0

N060 G03 X11 W-5.5 R5.5

N070 G01 W-10

N080 X17 W-10

N090 W-15

N100 G02 X29 W-7.348 R7.5

N110 G01 W-12.652

N120 X41

N130 G70 P50 Q120 F30

2. Face roughing compound cycle (G72)

Instruction Format G72 WÎ”d Re

G72 Pns Qnf UÎ”u WÎ”w Ff Ss Tt

Command Function This command has the same function as G71 except that cutting is performed along the parallel X axis. See Figure 3.

Explanation of Instructions The meanings of Î”d, e, ns, nf, Î”u, and Î”w are the same as those of G71.

Figure 3 Roughing cycle

Figure 4 Roughing cycle application

Example 2 As shown in Figure 4, program the end roughing cycle instruction.

N010 G50 X150 Z100

N020 G00 X41 Z1

N030 G72 W1 R1

N040 G72 P50 Q80 U0.1 W0.2 F100

3. Fixed shape cutting compound cycle (G73)

Command format G73 UÎ”i WÎ”k Rd

G73 Pns Qnf UÎ”u WÎ”w Ff Ss Tt

Instruction function It is suitable for machining a type of workpiece caused by casting and forging. See Figure 5.

Figure 5 Fixed shape cutting compound cycle

Instruction Description Î”i indicates the total retracting amount (radius value) in the X-axis;

Î”K indicates the total retracting amount in Z axis;

d represents the number of cycles;

Ns represents the sequence number of the first block of the finishing route;

Nf represents the sequence number of the last block of the finishing route;

Î”u represents the finishing allowance (diameter value) in the X direction;

Î”w represents the finishing allowance in the Z direction.

The characteristics of the fixed shape cutting compound cycle instruction, the tool path is parallel to the contour of the workpiece, so it is suitable for machining the billet formed by casting and forging. The amount of the back knife is obtained by dividing the total retracting amount Î”i in the X-axis direction and the total retracting amount Î”K in the Z-axis direction by the cycle number d. The total retracting amount Î”i and Î”K are related to the cutting depth of the workpiece.

To use a fixed-shape cutting compound cycle command, first determine the coordinate position of the tool change point, cycle point A, cutting start point A', and cutting end point B. Analyze the previous example. Point A is the cycle point, A'â†’B is the outline of the workpiece, and Aâ†’A'â†’B is the tool's finishing line. During roughing, the tool retracts from point A to point C. The backward distance is Î”i + Î”u /2, Î”k + Î”w, the finishing allowance Î”u /2 and Î”w are automatically left after the rough machining cycle.

The block between sequence numbers ns to nf describes the path of the cutting tool.

Figure 6 Fixed shape cutting compound cycle application

Example 3 As shown in Figure 6, programming is performed using a fixed-shape cutting compound cycle instruction.

N010 G50 X100 Z100

N020 G00 X50 Z10

N030 G73 U18 W5 R10

N040 G73 P50 Q100 U0.5 W0.5 F100

N110 G70 P50 Q100 F30

4. Finishing compound cycle (G70)

Instruction format G70 Pns Qnf

After the command function has finished roughing with the G71, G72, and G73 commands, the finishing cycle command can be used to make the tool perform A-A'-B finishing (Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5).

Instruction Description ns Indicates the sequence number of the first block of the specified finishing route;

Nf represents the sequence number of the last block of the specified finishing route;

The G70 to G73 cyclic instructions call a block between N (ns) and N (nf), where the subroutine cannot be called in the block.

5. Face drilling compound cycle command (G74)

Command Format G74 Re

G74 X(U) Z(W) PÎ”i QÎ”k RÎ”d Ff

The command function can be used for interrupted cutting. The cutting path is shown in Figure 7. If the X(U) and P and R values â€‹â€‹are omitted, it can be used for drilling.

Figure 7 End hole drilling compound cycle

Instruction Description e indicates the amount of retreat;

X represents the X coordinate value of point B;

U represents the incremental coordinate values â€‹â€‹from A to B;

Z represents the Z coordinate value of the C point;

W represents incremental coordinate values â€‹â€‹from A to C;

Î”i represents the amount of movement in the X-axis direction, no sign;

Î”K indicates the amount of movement in the Z-axis direction, no sign;

Î”d indicates the amount of tool return at the bottom of cutting;

F indicates the feed rate.

Example 4 As shown in Figure 8, program the face drilling compound cycle instruction.

Fig. 8 Face drilling combined cycle application

6. Cylindrical Grooving Combined Cycle (G75)

Command Format G75 Re

G75 X(U) Z(W) PÎ”i QÎ”k RÎ”d Ff

Instruction function For interrupted cutting of the end face, the cutting path is shown in Fig. 9. If the values â€‹â€‹of Z(W) and Q and R are omitted, it can be used for interrupted cutting of the outer circular groove.

Figure 9 outer circular groove composite cycle

Instruction Description e indicates the amount of retreat;

X represents the X coordinate value of the C point;

U represents the incremental coordinate value from point A to point C;

Z represents the Z coordinate value of point B;

W represents the incremental coordinate value from point A to point B;

The other symbols have the same meaning as G74.

If the tool used is a grooving tool, if the tool used is a grooving tool, the tool has two tool tips, and the left tool nose is set as the tool tool location of the tool. Before the programming, the cycle start point of the tool must be set. A and target point D, if the workpiece groove width is greater than the cutting edge width of the grooving knife, the overlapping amount of the cutting edge trajectory should be considered, so that the tool displacement in the Z-axis direction Î”k is smaller than the cutting edge width of the grooving tool, and the cutting edge width of the grooving tool The difference between the displacement amount Î”k and the tool nose is the overlap amount of the blade path.

Example 5, shown in Figure 10, is programmed using a compound circular cycle instruction.

Figure 10 Cyclic grooving cycle application

G50 X60 Z70

G00 X42 Z22 S400

G75 R1

G75 X30 Z10 P3 Q2.9 F30

G00 X60 Z70

7. Thread cutting compound cycle (G76)

Instruction Format G76 Pm r a QÎ”dmin Rd

G76 X(U) Z(W) Ri Pk QÎ”d Ff

Instruction Function The thread cutting cycle has reasonable technology and high programming efficiency. The thread cutting cycle and feed method are shown in Figure 11.

Fig. 11 Thread cutting combined cycle and feeding method

Instruction Description m indicates the number of finishing repetitions;

r represents the number of oblique retract units (0.01 to 9.9f, in units of 0.1f, specified by two digits from 00 to 99);

a indicates the tip angle;

Î”d denotes the first rough cut depth (radius value);

Calculation of decreasing depth of cut formula d2 =

Each rough cut depth: Î”dn=

Î”d-

Î”d;

Î”dmin represents the minimum depth of cut. When the depth of cut Î”dn is less than Î”dmin, Î”dmin is taken as the depth of cut.

X represents the X coordinate value of D point;

U represents the incremental coordinate value from point A to point D;

Z represents the D point Z coordinate value;

W represents incremental coordinate values â€‹â€‹from point C to point D;

i represents the difference in the radius of the taper thread;

k indicates thread height (X-direction radius value);

d represents the finishing allowance;

F indicates thread lead.

Example 6 As shown in Figure 12, using the thread cutting compound cycle instruction programming (the number of finishing is 1 time, the oblique retracting amount is 4mm, the tool tip is 60Â°, the minimum cutting depth is 0.1mm, and the finishing allowance is 0.1 Mm, thread height 2.4 mm, first cut depth 0.7 mm, pitch 4 mm, thread diameter 33.8 mm).

Figure 12 Application of thread cutting compound cycle

G00 X60 Z10

G76 P011060 Q0.1 R0.1

G76 X33.8 Z-60 R0 P2.4 Q0.7 F4

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