Ten basic knowledge of vehicle maintenance

1, afraid of "dirty"

If the fuel filter, oil filter, air filter, hydraulic oil filter, and various types of filter screens are dirty, the filtration effect will be deteriorated. Excessive impurities will enter the cylinder of the oil passage and increase The wear of the parts increases the possibility of failure; if it is severely blocked, it will also result in the vehicle not working properly. Water tank fins, air-cooled engine blocks, cylinder head fins, cooler radiating fins, and other parts that are too dirty can cause poor heat dissipation and high temperatures. Therefore, such "dirty" parts must be cleaned and maintained in a timely manner.

2, afraid of "hot"

The engine piston temperature is too high, easy to cause overheating and smelting and holding cylinder; rubber seals, triangle tape, tires and other overheating, premature aging, performance degradation, shorten the service life; starter, generators, regulators and other electrical equipment The coil is overheated, easily burned and scrapped; the vehicle bearing should maintain proper temperature, such as overheating, the lubricating oil will quickly deteriorate, eventually causing the bearing to burn and the vehicle damaged.

3, afraid of "string"

Various types of couplings in diesel engine fuel systems, main and driven gears in the main axle of the transaxle, hydraulically operated valve blocks and valve rods, spools and valve sleeves in full hydraulic steering gears, etc. These mating parts are manufactured After special processing, it is made by grinding in pairs, with very precise combination. It is always used in pairs during the service life, and must not be interchanged. Some mutual components, such as pistons and cylinder liners, bushings and journals, valve and valve seats, connecting rods, large heads and shafts, etc., after a period of grinding and cooperation, have relatively good cooperation, and should also be taken care of during maintenance. Paired assembly, do not "chain" each other.

4, afraid of "anti"

The cylinder head gasket of the engine cannot be reversed during installation, otherwise it will lead to premature ablation and damage of the cylinder head; also, piston rings of some special shapes must not be installed in reverse, and they should be assembled according to the requirements of different models; there are also directions when the engine fan blades are installed. Requirements, the fan is generally divided into two kinds of exhaust and suction, can not be reversed, otherwise it will lead to poor engine cooling, high temperature; for pattern patterns of tires, such as herringbone pattern tires, the installation of the ground markings should make people The tip of the word points toward the rear to ensure maximum driving force. For the two tires installed together, different models also have different requirements and cannot be installed arbitrarily.

5, afraid of "missing"

In the maintenance of vehicles, some small parts may be missed due to inadvertence, and some people even think that it does not matter whether it is loaded or not. This is very dangerous and harmful. Engine valve locks should be installed in pairs. Missing or missing valves will result in loss of control of the valves and damage to the pistons; etc.; engine connecting rod bolts, flywheel bolts, cotter bolts mounted on the shaft bolts, locking screws, rupture discs or Spring washers and other anti-loosening devices, once they are installed, may cause serious malfunctions in use; once the oil nozzle used to lubricate the gears in the engine timing gear chamber is leaked, it will cause serious drainage of oil at the engine. The oil pressure is too low; the water tank cover, oil port cover, and fuel tank cover are lost, which will invade gravel, dust, etc., and aggravate the wear of all parts.

6, afraid of "oil"

The engine dry air filter paper filter element has strong hygroscopicity. If it is stained with oil, it can easily draw a higher concentration of air into the cylinder. This can result in insufficient air, increased fuel consumption, and reduced engine power. Causes the "carriage"; if the triangle tape is stained with oil, it will accelerate its corrosion aging, and it is prone to slippage, resulting in reduced transmission efficiency.

Brake shoes, friction plates of dry clutches, brake belts, etc., if they are stained with oil, are prone to slippage and work failure, thus threatening vehicle safety; starter motors and generator carbon brushes are stained with oil. Due to poor contact, the starter motor has insufficient power and the generator voltage is too low. Tyre rubber is very sensitive to the corrosion of oils. Contact with oil will make the rubber soft or peeling. Short-term contact will lead to abnormal damage or serious damage to the tire.

7, afraid of "washing"

Some people who are driving or beginner repairs may think that all parts need cleaning. In fact, this understanding is one-sided. For the paper air filter of the engine, when the dust on it is removed, it cannot be cleaned with any kind of oil, and it is not suitable for the leather parts to be easily blown by hand or the high-pressure air is blown through the filter element. With oil cleaning, just clean it with a clean rag.

8, afraid of "pressure"

If the tire casing is stored for a long time and is not turned in time, it will be deformed due to extrusion and affect the service life; if the air filter or the paper filter of the fuel filter is squeezed, it will produce a large deformation. Can not play a reliable role in filtration; rubber seals, triangle tape, tubing, etc. can not be squeezed, otherwise it will also be deformed, affecting the normal use.

9, afraid of "near fire"

Rubber products such as tires, triangle tapes, cylinder liners, rubber seals, etc., which are close to the source of fire, will easily deteriorate, deteriorate, or be damaged. On the other hand, they may cause fire accidents. Especially for some diesel vehicles, it is difficult to start cold in winter. Some drivers often use torch heating and must prevent burnout of circuits and oil circuits.

10, afraid of "repeat"

Some parts are supposed to be used once, and individual drivers or repairmen are repeatedly used to save or because they do not understand the taboos. This can easily lead to accidents. In general, the engine connecting rod bolts, nuts, imported diesel fuel injector fixing bolts, cylinder liner water blocking rings, sealed copper pads, various types of oil seals for hydraulic systems, seals, and pin and split pin parts of important parts are disassembled. After that, new products must be replaced.

For the engine cylinder pad, although no damage was found during inspection, it is better to replace the new one. Because the old product has poor elasticity, poor sealing, and easy ablative damage, it will take a long time to replace it, which will take time and effort. Therefore, if there is new product, it should be replaced as much as possible. Better.